Power Design | GPU Boost 2.0 | GPU Voltage | Monitor Overlocking

Power Design

Moving towards a 28nm based chip meant you can do more with less as the product becomes smaller, the GK110 GPU comes with roughly 7.1 billion transistors embedded into it. As such we really expected the board power draw / TDP (maximum board power) to sit at a high number, however at a very respectable 250 Watts, you just hardly can complain. The GeForce GTX 780 comes with two power connectors to get enough current and a little spare for overclocking. This boils down as: 2 x 8-pin PEG  = 300W + PCIe slot = 75W is 375W available (in theory). We'll measure all that later on in the article, but directly related to the power design is the following chapter on NVIDIA Boost technology that has advanced to revision 2.0.
 

GPU Boost

Ever since the launch of Kepler GPUs the mainstream and high-end SKUs feature a Dynamic Clock Adjustment technology and we can explain it easily without any complexity. Typically when your graphics card idles the cards clock frequency will go down... yes? Well, obviously Kepler architecture cards will do this as well, yet it can now work vice versa. If in a game the GPU has room left for some more, it will increase the clock frequency a little and add some extra performance. You could say that the graphics card is maximizing it's available power threshold and target.

This all is managed by a dedicated hardware circuitry that monitors various aspects of the graphics card, from the GPU's power consumption and temperature to the actual GPU and memory utilization. All that information is processed by the GPU Boost software algorithm to determine what changes, if any, should be made to the GPU and memory clock speeds and voltages.

GPU Boost 2.0 

So what's new? New starting at GeForce GTX with Kepler is a temperature target, basically Kepler boards monitor a temperature (that you can define) and will try and meet that target. The nominal baseline temperature is 80 degrees Celsius. That is the balance in-between an acceptable temperature versus low noise levels. If you configure the temperature target at 90 degrees and the power target has room left then Titan will increase the GPU Voltage a little bit. It'll then clock faster on the Turbo frequency until it reaches the temperature and power targets.

Overclocking on that end will work the same as GPU boost will continue to work while overclocking, it stays restricted within the TDP bracket. We'll show you that in out overclocking chapter. The overclock tools like MSI Afterburner and EVGA precision will allow you to tweak and overclock based on power, voltage and heat targets. With the soon to be released MSI AfterBurner 3.0.0 you will be able to control many new settings like an updated power limiter, temperature limiter and priority features. In the monitor on the right side you can observe that the GPU is kept at 80 Degrees C at all times. The card will lower voltage, clocks or whatever is needed to match the temperature target.

All these settings are configurable, so you may set a temperature target of 90 Degrees C as well, which will get you more performance at the cost of slightly more noise. We'll discuss all this in our overclock article though.

Unlocked GPU Core Voltage

Kepler based graphics cards are designed to be overclocked. Nvidia has received a lot of heat when they started limiting voltages. Obviously they have done so in order to prevent high RMA rates. For GeForce GTX Titan this changes. At default your card will be locked at a maximum Core voltage of 1.162 mV.

Now read this very carefully, the board partners like MSI, EVGA and others get to decide whether or not you may unlock Voltage control. Inside the Nvidia driver, you can opt to unlock Voltage by agreeing towards an EULA. That EULA will try to make you understand that applying higher voltages will decrease the lifespan of the product. So if the GeForce GTX 780 has been build for a theoretical 5 years productivity at 1.162 mV then tweaking Voltage towards 1.250 mV could (in theory) half that lifespan. Now here's the good news, unlocking the Voltage will not result in loosing your warranty, let me be very clear about that. However, if you have a 2 year warranty and after 3 years the card dies as a result of voltage tweaking and thus the reduced lifespan... that would be the consequence and at your risk. Some board partners thus might leave out the option and disable the Voltage unlock option completely (albeit we doubt it). Still, if you plan to Voltage Tweak with your Titan, then be sure to check out the particular SKU and it's ability to make that happen. From what we have seen most boards will get voltage control, yet very limited towards 1.20 Volts.

Monitor Overclocking

Now here's where a couple of your guys will say "huh?". Pretty much all monitors have a maximum of 60 Hz and thus can only show 60 frames per second. Did you know that a lot of monitors actually can take higher refresh rates like 70, 80 maybe even 100 Hz? The higher your monitor refresh rate the better your gaming experience as you can output more rendering awesomeness to your screen. And yes, it does matter. Typically what many of you guys did was to hack the EDID information of your monitor and that way try to "overclock" your monitor. EDID (Extended Display Identification Data) is a data-set that the monitor send towards the display adapter, the graphics cards reads out that information and then returns the video signal back to the compatible screen resolution, refresh rate and color depth. Nvidia will now allow you to overclock the display screen by making custom profiles, so you can check if the monitor can take like 70 or 80 Hz (or whatever). If you have found a compatible refresh rate you can apply it and keep using it. So you break away from the 60 Hz limitation.

A personal note, I have no idea what effect this will have of the lifespan of your monitor. As with any kind of tweak or overclock, use it with caution and only if you deem it absolutely necessary weighing the risks versus the benefits.